O Enigma do Mal: uma leitura do 'De casu diaboli'de Santo Anselmo (The enigma of evil: a reading of St. Anselm’s De casu diaboli) - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2013v11n32p1551
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Abstract
O presente artigo quer investigar o problema do mal na perspectiva de Santo Anselmo, tomando como ponto de partida sua obra De casu diaboli, onde o tema é abordado, a partir da íntima ligação entre mal e pecado. Ao enfocar o mal na perspectiva da queda diabólica, o Doutor Magnífico intenta mostrar a conexão entre vontade, liberdade e justiça. Sua preocupação é investigar o significado moral da má escolha, realizada por uma criatura racional e puramente espiritual, feita boa e para ser boa. O pecado, consoante o autor, não está em almejar a felicidade, pois tal desejo é dádiva divina; o mal praticado pelo anjo está, precisamente, em querer a felicidade fora da justiça, isto é, ao querer ser feliz, ele foi de encontro ao que ele deveria ser: quis ser semelhante a Deus, extrapolando a sua própria natureza, pois ele desejou algo que, enquanto criatura, não caberia a ele almejar. Este é o ponto de partida para analisar o mal e sua mais dramática consequência, o sofrimento.
Palavras-chave: Mal. Vontade. Justiça. Anselmo.
Abstract
This article aims to investigate the problem of evil in Saint Anselm, especially in his treatise De casu diaboli. He approaches this issue from the close connection between evil and sin. Upon analyzing evil from the diabolic fall perspective, Dr. Magnificent tries to establish a connection between will, freedom and justice. This text investigates the moral meaning of misconduct, carried out by a rational and purely spiritual creature that was created good and meant to be good. Seeking for happiness is not itself a sin, according to the author, for such a wish is a gift from God. The evil done by the angel lies in the act of wanting happiness without justice, that is, on wanting to be happy, the angel contradicted what he was supposed to be: he wanted to be like God, transcending his own nature, as he wished for something that, as a creature, he was not fit to wish for. This is the starting point to analyze evil and its most dramatic consequence: suffering.
Key-words: Evil. Will. Justice. Anselm.
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